492 lines
15 KiB
C++
492 lines
15 KiB
C++
// main.cpp
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#include <GL/glew.h>
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#include <GL/glut.h>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <vector>
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#include <cmath> // For sin, cos
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// GLM Headers
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#define GLM_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL
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#include <glm/glm.hpp>
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#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
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#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
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#include <glm/gtx/transform.hpp>
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#include <glm/gtc/constants.hpp> // 包含 glm::pi
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#include "shader_utils.hpp" // 我们创建的着色器加载工具
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// 窗口尺寸
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int windowWidth = 1024;
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int windowHeight = 768;
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// 着色器程序ID
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GLuint programID;
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// GLuint pickingProgramID; // (可选，如果实现拾取)
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// Uniform ID
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GLuint MatrixID_MVP, MatrixID_M, MatrixID_V;
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GLuint LightPosID, LightColorID, LightPowerID, ViewPosID;
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GLuint TextureSamplerID;
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// VAO 和 VBO
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GLuint CubeVAO, CubeVBO_vertices, CubeVBO_normals, CubeVBO_uvs;
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// GLuint LightVAO; // 用于表示光源的球体 (使用 GLUT 绘制，可能不需要单独VAO)
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// 纹理
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GLuint checkerboardTextureID;
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// 相机参数
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glm::vec3 cameraPosition = glm::vec3(4.0f, 3.0f, 3.0f);
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float cameraHorizontalAngle = glm::pi<float>(); // 初始水平角 (pi)
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float cameraVerticalAngle = 0.0f; // 初始垂直角
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float initialFoV = 45.0f;
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float cameraSpeed = 3.0f; // 单位/秒
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float mouseSpeed = 0.002f;
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// 鼠标状态
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int lastMouseX = windowWidth / 2;
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int lastMouseY = windowHeight / 2;
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bool mouseLeftDown = false;
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// 光源属性
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glm::vec3 lightPos = glm::vec3(2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f);
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glm::vec3 lightColor = glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
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float lightPower = 50.0f; // 启用光照强度
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// 立方体旋转
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float cubeRotationAngle = 0.0f;
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// 函数声明
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void initGL();
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void display();
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void reshape(int, int);
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void keyboard(unsigned char, int, int);
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void mouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y);
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void mouseMotion(int x, int y);
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void idle();
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void createCheckerboardTexture();
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void setupCubeBuffers();
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// 立方体顶点数据 (位置, 法线, UV)
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// 36个顶点，因为每个面有不同法线或UV，不能共享顶点
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const GLfloat cube_vertices[] = {
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// Back face
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // Bottom-left
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0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-left
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-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-left
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// Front face
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-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-right
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-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-left
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-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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// Left face
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-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-right
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-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-left
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-left
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-left
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-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-right
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-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-right
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// Right face
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-left
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0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // top-left
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0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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// Bottom face
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // top-left
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0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-right
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-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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// Top face
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-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-left
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-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-left
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, // bottom-right
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0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-right
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-0.5f, 0.5f, -0.5f, // top-left
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};
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const GLfloat cube_normals[] = {
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// Back face
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f,
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// Front face
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
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// Left face
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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// Right face
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
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// Bottom face
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
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// Top face
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
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};
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const GLfloat cube_uvs[] = {
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// Back face
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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// Front face
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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// Left face
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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// Right face
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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// Bottom face
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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// Top face
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 0.0f,
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1.0f, 1.0f,
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0.0f, 1.0f,
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};
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void createCheckerboardTexture() {
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const int texWidth = 64;
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const int texHeight = 64;
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GLubyte checkerboard[texHeight][texWidth][3]; // RGB
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for (int i = 0; i < texHeight; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < texWidth; j++) {
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// 创建更明显的棋盘格图案
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int c = (((i / 8) % 2) == ((j / 8) % 2)) ? 255 : 100;
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checkerboard[i][j][0] = (GLubyte)c;
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checkerboard[i][j][1] = (GLubyte)c;
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checkerboard[i][j][2] = (GLubyte)c;
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}
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}
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glGenTextures(1, &checkerboardTextureID);
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glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, checkerboardTextureID);
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glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
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glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
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glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); // 使用NEAREST以便清晰看到像素块
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glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST); // 使用mipmap
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glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
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glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, texWidth, texHeight, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, checkerboard);
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glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
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glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
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glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 4);
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}
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void setupCubeBuffers() {
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glGenVertexArrays(1, &CubeVAO);
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glBindVertexArray(CubeVAO);
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// 顶点位置
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glGenBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_vertices);
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CubeVBO_vertices);
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glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(cube_vertices), cube_vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
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glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
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glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
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// 法线
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glGenBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_normals);
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CubeVBO_normals);
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glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(cube_normals), cube_normals, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
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glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
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glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
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// UV坐标
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glGenBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_uvs);
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glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, CubeVBO_uvs);
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glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(cube_uvs), cube_uvs, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
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glVertexAttribPointer(2, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0);
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glEnableVertexAttribArray(2);
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glBindVertexArray(0);
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}
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void initGL() {
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glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
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if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK) {
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std::cerr << "Failed to initialize GLEW" << std::endl;
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exit(-1);
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}
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std::cout << "Using GLEW Version: " << glewGetString(GLEW_VERSION) << std::endl;
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std::cout << "OpenGL Renderer: " << glGetString(GL_RENDERER) << std::endl;
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std::cout << "OpenGL Version: " << glGetString(GL_VERSION) << std::endl;
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std::cout << "GLSL Version: " << glGetString(GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION) << std::endl;
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glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.2f, 0.0f);
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glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
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glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
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// glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); // 如果需要，可以开启背面剔除
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programID = LoadShaders("shaders/phong.vert", "shaders/phong.frag");
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if (programID == 0) {
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std::cerr << "Failed to load shaders. Exiting." << std::endl;
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// getchar(); // 暂停查看错误
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exit(-1);
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}
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MatrixID_MVP = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "MVP");
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MatrixID_M = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "M");
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MatrixID_V = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "V");
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LightPosID = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "lightPos_worldspace");
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LightColorID = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "lightColor");
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LightPowerID = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "lightPower");
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ViewPosID = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "viewPos_worldspace");
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TextureSamplerID = glGetUniformLocation(programID, "myTextureSampler");
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createCheckerboardTexture();
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setupCubeBuffers();
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glutSetCursor(GLUT_CURSOR_NONE);
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glutWarpPointer(windowWidth / 2, windowHeight / 2);
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// 确保在第一次鼠标移动前 lastMouseX/Y 已被正确设置
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lastMouseX = windowWidth / 2;
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lastMouseY = windowHeight / 2;
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}
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void display() {
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glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
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glUseProgram(programID);
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glm::vec3 direction(
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cos(cameraVerticalAngle) * sin(cameraHorizontalAngle),
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sin(cameraVerticalAngle),
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cos(cameraVerticalAngle) * cos(cameraHorizontalAngle)
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);
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glm::vec3 right = glm::vec3(
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sin(cameraHorizontalAngle - glm::pi<float>()/2.0f),
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0,
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cos(cameraHorizontalAngle - glm::pi<float>()/2.0f)
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);
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glm::vec3 up = glm::cross(right, direction);
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glm::mat4 ProjectionMatrix = glm::perspective(glm::radians(initialFoV), (float)windowWidth / (float)windowHeight, 0.1f, 100.0f);
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glm::mat4 ViewMatrix = glm::lookAt(
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cameraPosition,
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cameraPosition + direction,
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up
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);
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glm::mat4 ModelMatrixCube = glm::mat4(1.0);
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ModelMatrixCube = glm::translate(ModelMatrixCube, glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));
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ModelMatrixCube = glm::rotate(ModelMatrixCube, cubeRotationAngle, glm::vec3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
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ModelMatrixCube = glm::scale(ModelMatrixCube, glm::vec3(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
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glm::mat4 MVP_Cube = ProjectionMatrix * ViewMatrix * ModelMatrixCube;
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glUniformMatrix4fv(MatrixID_MVP, 1, GL_FALSE, &MVP_Cube[0][0]);
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glUniformMatrix4fv(MatrixID_M, 1, GL_FALSE, &ModelMatrixCube[0][0]);
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glUniformMatrix4fv(MatrixID_V, 1, GL_FALSE, &ViewMatrix[0][0]);
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glUniform3fv(LightPosID, 1, &lightPos[0]);
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glUniform3fv(LightColorID, 1, &lightColor[0]);
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glUniform1f(LightPowerID, lightPower); // 传递光照强度
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glUniform3fv(ViewPosID, 1, &cameraPosition[0]);
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glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
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glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, checkerboardTextureID);
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glUniform1i(TextureSamplerID, 0);
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glBindVertexArray(CubeVAO);
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glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
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glBindVertexArray(0);
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// 绘制光源 (使用 GLUT 绘制一个白色小球)
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glUseProgram(0);
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glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
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glLoadMatrixf(glm::value_ptr(ProjectionMatrix));
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glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
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glm::mat4 MV_Light = ViewMatrix * glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0f), lightPos) * glm::scale(glm::mat4(1.0f), glm::vec3(0.1f));
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glLoadMatrixf(glm::value_ptr(MV_Light));
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glColor3f(lightColor.r, lightColor.g, lightColor.b);
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glutSolidSphere(0.1, 10, 10);
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glutSwapBuffers();
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}
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void reshape(int w, int h) {
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windowWidth = w;
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windowHeight = h;
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if (h == 0) h = 1;
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glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
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glutPostRedisplay();
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}
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void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) {
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float deltaTime = 0.016f; // 假设大约60FPS, 更精确的delta time计算会更好
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glm::vec3 direction(
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cos(cameraVerticalAngle) * sin(cameraHorizontalAngle),
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sin(cameraVerticalAngle),
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cos(cameraVerticalAngle) * cos(cameraHorizontalAngle)
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);
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glm::vec3 right = glm::vec3(
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sin(cameraHorizontalAngle - glm::pi<float>()/2.0f),
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0,
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cos(cameraHorizontalAngle - glm::pi<float>()/2.0f)
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);
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switch (key) {
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case 'w': case 'W': cameraPosition += direction * deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break;
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case 's': case 'S': cameraPosition -= direction * deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break;
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case 'a': case 'A': cameraPosition -= right * deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break;
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case 'd': case 'D': cameraPosition += right * deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break;
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case ' ': cameraPosition.y += deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break; // 空格键向上
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case 'c': case 'C': cameraPosition.y -= deltaTime * cameraSpeed; break; // C键向下
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case 27: // ESC 键
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glDeleteBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_vertices);
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glDeleteBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_normals);
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glDeleteBuffers(1, &CubeVBO_uvs);
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glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &CubeVAO);
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glDeleteProgram(programID);
|
||
glDeleteTextures(1, &checkerboardTextureID);
|
||
exit(0);
|
||
break;
|
||
}
|
||
glutPostRedisplay();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
void mouseButton(int button, int state, int x, int y) {
|
||
if (button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON) {
|
||
if (state == GLUT_DOWN) {
|
||
mouseLeftDown = true;
|
||
lastMouseX = x;
|
||
lastMouseY = y;
|
||
} else if (state == GLUT_UP) {
|
||
mouseLeftDown = false;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
void mouseMotion(int x, int y) {
|
||
// 仅当鼠标在窗口内时处理，避免跳动
|
||
if (x < 0 || x >= windowWidth || y < 0 || y >= windowHeight) {
|
||
// 当鼠标移出窗口时，可以选择不更新视角或者将鼠标重置回中心
|
||
// 如果选择重置，可能需要更复杂的逻辑来避免在窗口边缘的抖动
|
||
// mouseLeftDown = false; // 取消注释此行可以在鼠标移出时停止拖动视角
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if (mouseLeftDown) {
|
||
float deltaX = float(x - lastMouseX);
|
||
float deltaY = float(y - lastMouseY);
|
||
|
||
cameraHorizontalAngle += mouseSpeed * deltaX;
|
||
cameraVerticalAngle += mouseSpeed * deltaY;
|
||
|
||
// 限制垂直角度
|
||
cameraVerticalAngle = glm::clamp(cameraVerticalAngle, -glm::pi<float>()/2.0f + 0.01f, glm::pi<float>()/2.0f - 0.01f);
|
||
|
||
lastMouseX = x;
|
||
lastMouseY = y;
|
||
|
||
// FPS游戏风格的鼠标控制 (可选):
|
||
// if (x != windowWidth/2 || y != windowHeight/2) {
|
||
// glutWarpPointer(windowWidth/2, windowHeight/2);
|
||
// lastMouseX = windowWidth/2;
|
||
// lastMouseY = windowHeight/2;
|
||
// }
|
||
glutPostRedisplay();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
void idle() {
|
||
cubeRotationAngle += 0.005f;
|
||
if (cubeRotationAngle > 2.0f * glm::pi<float>()) {
|
||
cubeRotationAngle -= 2.0f * glm::pi<float>();
|
||
}
|
||
glutPostRedisplay();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
|
||
glutInit(&argc, argv);
|
||
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
|
||
glutInitWindowSize(windowWidth, windowHeight);
|
||
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
|
||
glutCreateWindow("OpenGL Course Project - 3D Scene");
|
||
|
||
initGL();
|
||
|
||
glutDisplayFunc(display);
|
||
glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
|
||
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard);
|
||
glutMouseFunc(mouseButton);
|
||
glutMotionFunc(mouseMotion);
|
||
// glutPassiveMotionFunc(mouseMotion); // 如果希望鼠标不按下也触发 warp (如果使用)
|
||
glutIdleFunc(idle);
|
||
|
||
glutMainLoop();
|
||
|
||
return 0;
|
||
}
|